In older time people with severe coronary heart disease was suggested about high risk by pass surgery. Where as in lesser severity, people were offered medical management Later Angioplasty replaced to high risk, coronary artery by pass graft [CABG]. Initially balloon catheter used. It would be passed in arterial lumen in normal state and inflation at the site of obstruction. It is effective procedure, it is one of the most desirable therapeutic procedure followed all over the world. It involves reduced amount of risk to patient.

Indication-

• Acute myocardial infarction [acute heart attack]
• Coronary artery syndrome
• Unstable i.e. chest pain even at rest
• Chest pain on exertion better by rest- not responding to medical line of treatment
• Chest pain persistent or frequent episodes of chest pain
• Heart failure
• Positive cardiac stress test treadmill test
• St-depression is seen in multiple area or global ST changes in TMT
• Chest pain even after CABG

Angioplasty is procedure widely practiced all over the world. It reduces cardiovascular, morbidity and mortality. It is used in case of vessel narrowing. Obstruction in blood vessel flow is ensured. Stent are used mostly to maintain inner continuity of vessel. Stent keeps arteries with in artery; leading to coronary heart disease is atherosclerosis.

Immediate procedure after PTCA-
Doppler of the vessel of the heart is followed immediately after PTCA so as to know the success of procedure and patency of lumen, Doppler also judges blood how across the particular vessel.

Personal and clinical management is very essential even after angioplasty. Proper after management improves the cardiovascular health and reduces long term risk.

Following are some of the points to remember

• Proper follow up with cardiologist is essential doses of medications are to be regulated according to the degree of improvement.
• Follow up echo is required to know the pumping of heart.
• Don’t skip your medication, carry it along if you are planning to go out
• Avoid smoking and alcohol, avoid it completely. Reduction in intake would not help.
• Opt for healthy and balanced diet. Diet should contain low amount of saturated fatly acids and high amount of unsaturated fatly acids. Go for whole grain food.
• Avoid excess of sugary and salty and oily food. Special attention paid to diabetic and hypertensive patients.
• Control of vital parameter is essential. Blood pressure and sugar level in blood should remain in normal limit
• For obese patient maintaining ideal weight is very important
• Sedentary habits are strictly to be avoided
• Your doctor may prescribe you rest for the initial few days but eventually start with mild exercise. Walking is the best suited to cardiac patient. One can start with few minutes and can gradually increase up to 30 minutes.
• Patient can start with work under physicians’ advice however excessive mental and physical stress is to be avoided
• Do not involve in high impact and severe physical activities. Do not exercise when you are not well exerting through pains would lead to harmful consequences.
• Do not exercise on unusual part of the day
• Inform your doctor in case of fever, dressing of the surgery site is necessary